Under the current background of information society, the digital transformation of enterprises has become a necessary means to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. This article is based on the industrial Internet platform, digital planning, and architecture of enterprise research. First, we analyze the current challenges of digital transformation and the development opportunities brought by the industrial Internet. Then, we propose a digital planning method based on the industrial Internet platform, which takes the full connectivity of humans, machines, and objects and intelligent decision-making as the core, takes data collection, processing, analysis, and application as the main line, and finally forms the top-level design of the digital transformation of enterprises. At the same time, we also build an industrial Internet platform architecture model, the four levels of the previous end perception layer, network transmission layer, platform service layer, and application innovation layer, to support enterprises in the innovative application and decision support under the industrial Internet environment. Research shows that this kind of enterprise digital planning and architecture based on industrial Internet platforms can effectively promote enterprises to achieve business model innovation and system innovation, and strengthen the flexibility and agility of enterprises to respond to market changes. The results of this research not only have important theoretical and practical significance for guiding enterprises to carry out digital planning and build industrial Internet platforms but also provide useful references for relevant policy formulation.