In the context of the deep integration of the new era's strategy of enriching border areas and rural revitalization, the compilation of border village histories has become an important practical vehicle for protecting border cultural memory and empowering the modernization of border governance. This paper takes the compilation project of village histories of 18 border villages in Region Y, led by the School of Marxism of Jilin University, as a case study. It comprehensively uses literature review, case analysis, participatory observation, and in-depth interviews to systematically deconstruct the value dimensions, practical paths, and current dilemmas of border village history compilation. The study finds that border village history compilation has achieved multiple value couplings of cultural inheritance, governance optimization, education practice, and industrial empowerment by constructing a school-local collaboration mechanism, excavating diverse cultural memories, leveraging digital technology, and innovating achievement transformation models. At the same time, the current compilation work faces practical challenges such as insufficient depth of memory excavation, limited effectiveness of achievement transformation, and an imperfect long-term mechanism. This paper proposes to strengthen professional support, expand integration paths, and improve guarantee mechanisms to provide theoretical reference and practical lessons for border areas to strengthen the sense of community of the Chinese nation and improve governance effectiveness through cultural practices.