Optimization of Research Framework Driven by Human‑AI Collaboration: An Empirical Study on AI Training and Vulnerable Employment Groups

© 2026 by the Author. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )

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Abstract

Taking the improvement of skills and literacy among vulnerable employment groups through AI practical training as a case, this study illustrates how to achieve iterative optimization of a research hypothesis framework based on first-hand interview data via the collaborative use of DeepSeek and ChatGPT. Grounded in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the study establishes an initial framework, collects interview data from vulnerable employment group volunteers who completed AI practical training, and uses AI-based transcription to form analytical texts. By inputting the initial framework and interview transcripts into the two AI models for exploratory optimization analysis, comparing and integrating their suggestions, and combining the researcher’s in-depth interpretation of raw data, the research framework is ultimately reconstructed. The findings clarify the deficiencies of the initial framework and provide a human-AI collaborative research paradigm of dual-model cooperation plus researcher judgment, offering a replicable methodological example for the iterative optimization of research frameworks. This work contributes to advancing SDG 4 (Quality Education) by enhancing access to skill development, supports SDG 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) through empowering vulnerable workers, and promotes SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure) by demonstrating innovative applications of AI in social research.

Keywords

Research framework optimization

TAM model

Human‑AI collaboration

Vulnerable employment groups

Empirical study

SDGs

Funding

1. Project Title: An Empirical Study on the Enhancement of Skills and Literacy among Vulnerable Employment Groups through Practical Training (2025 Zhejiang Province Chinese Vocational Education Research Project) (Project No.: ZJCV2025D07). 2. Project Title: An Empirical Study on Cultivating Higher-Order Thinking Skills among Vocational College Students through AI-Accompanied Learning Scenarios on the Chaoxing Platform (2025 Higher Education Research Project and "Research on AI-Empowered Teaching and Learning Applications" by the Zhejiang Provincial Higher Education Society) (Project No.: KT2025499).

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