The deepening implementation of the cultural-tourism integration strategy is driving the tourism industry's transformation from "resource-driven" to "culture-enhanced + innovation-driven", which imposes compound requirements on the cultural literacy, technical skills, and innovative capabilities of tourism management professionals. As the core platform for cultivating high-level technical talents, the quality of vocational undergraduate education in tourism management directly impacts the high-quality development of the cultural-tourism industry. Based on the industrial characteristics of cultural-tourism integration and the positioning of vocational undergraduate education, this paper systematically analyzes the practical challenges in current talent cultivation for tourism management vocational undergraduate programs, including goal orientation, curriculum system, teaching models, and industry-education integration. From five dimensions—precise goal setting, curriculum restructuring, innovative teaching approaches, deepened industry-education collaboration, and improved evaluation mechanisms—the paper proposes optimization pathways for talent cultivation under cultural-tourism integration. These insights provide theoretical support and practical references for vocational colleges to deepen educational reforms and cultivate compound talents that meet the demands of the cultural-tourism industry.