This study addresses critical challenges in the refining and petrochemical industry, including low feedstock conversion efficiency and poor feedstock adaptability in catalytic cracking processes. Through systematic analysis of feedstock physicochemical properties and key process constraints, the research explores three strategic dimensions: feedstock pretreatment optimization, reaction process control, and process-catalyst synergy enhancement. By refining pretreatment parameters, precisely regulating operational metrics, and establishing integrated process-catalyst coordination systems, the study proposes targeted process upgrades for efficient catalytic cracking feedstock conversion. These innovations enable directional feedstock transformation and increased light oil yields, providing actionable technical solutions for improving catalytic cracking process performance, energy efficiency, and operational optimization in the refining sector.