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Volume 4,Issue 3

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26 March 2026

Towards Others: The Concealment and Unconcealment of Students’ Subjectivity in Human-Machine Collaborative Teaching

Tianyi Li1*
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1 School of Education Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China
EIR 2026 , 4(3), 278–283; https://doi.org/10.18063/EIR.v4i3.1810
© 2026 by the Author. Licensee Whioce Publishing, Singapore. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ )
Abstract

The widespread application of artificial intelligence technology has not only promoted the development of human-machine collaborative teaching but also provided more possibilities for the development of students’ subjectivity, profoundly influencing the way of understanding students’ subjectivity. In the process of human-machine collaborative teaching, students, as ethical subjects of unknowability and irreducibility, are simplified to calculable and predictable behavioral indicators, facing the risk of being obscured. Based on this, this study systematically analyzes the specific manifestations and generation mechanisms of students’ subjectivity alienation in human-machine collaborative teaching from Emmanuel Levinas’s “Otherness” theory, and explores possible paths to achieve the disclosure of students’ subjectivity in the process of human-machine collaborative teaching, enabling students to fully exert their subjective initiative and achieve comprehensive and free development.

Keywords
Human-machine collaborative teaching
Levinas
Otherness
Students’ subjectivity
Funding
The 2025 Graduate Research Funding Project of Northwest Normal University, “Research on the Design Model of Cross-disciplinary Teaching Evaluation from the Perspective of Consistency of Teaching, Learning and Assessment” (Project No.: KYZZ2025-LXS019)
References

[1] He W, Zhang M, Lu X, et al., 2023, Construction of Human-Machine Collaborative Teaching Model from the Perspective of Artificial Intelligence. Modern Distance Education, 2023(2): 78–87.

[2] Du X, Wang Y, Song Y, et al., 2025, Can the Learning Guide Intelligent Agent Promote Generative Meaning Construction Based on Large Models? - Theoretical Model and Empirical Research. Electronic Education Research, 46(9): 113–121.

[3] Levinas E, 2016, The Whole and the Infinite: On the Otherness. Peking University Press.

[4] Feng J, 2021, Otherness Education: Beyond the Identity of Education. Education Research, 42(9): 14–23.

[5] Levinas E, 2016, The Whole and the Infinite: On the Otherness. Peking University Press.

[6] Sun X, 2015, Facing the Other: A Study of Levinas’s Philosophical Thought. Life·Reading·New Knowledge Three-Link Bookstore, 154.

[7] Zhou B, 2011, Reflections on the Research on Students’ Subjectivity in China over the Past 30 Years. Journal of Capital Normal University (Social Sciences Edition), 2011(1): 54–59.

[8] Liu L, Li J, 2024, On the Subjectivity of Students in the Intelligent Era and Its Cultivation. Electronic Education Research, 45(2): 42–47.

[9] Feng J, 2016, From Intersubjectivity, Otherness to Publicity - Also on the Intersubjective Relationship in Education. Nanjing Social Sciences, 2016(9): 123–130.

[10] Chen G, Yao Y, 2024, On the “Reflexive” Subject in the Digital Intelligence Era and the Dual Responsibilities of Education. Electronic Education Research, 45(11): 26–31.

[11] Liu Q, 2021, Liu Qing: A Lecture on Western Modern Thought - Let’s Have an Adventure of Ideas. New Star Press, 53.

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