Under the dual demands of educational digital transformation and ethnic cultural inheritance, preschool teachers’ Li and Miao cultural teaching literacy has gradually become an important foundation for integrating Hainan’s indigenous culture into preschool education. Based on the background of the digital era, this paper attempts to define the core connotation of preschool teachers’ Li and Miao cultural teaching literacy, analyzes practical problems emerging in current teacher literacy cultivation, such as weak cultural cognition, insufficient digital integration ability, and fragmented cultivation systems, and explores feasible paths for digitally empowering the cultivation of preschool teachers’ Li and Miao cultural teaching literacy from four aspects: resource construction, training models, teaching and research mechanisms, and guarantee systems. The aim is to contribute to the quality improvement of preschool education and the living inheritance of indigenous culture in ethnic minority areas of Hainan.