The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China explicitly proposed strategic requirements for developing new-quality productive forces. As the backbone of ideological and political education in higher education institutions, university counselors bear the crucial mission of cultivating students 'well-rounded personalities and guiding them to establish correct worldviews, life perspectives, and values. This study focuses on enhancing counselors' capabilities in ideological and political work, conducting an in-depth analysis of contemporary characteristics and practical challenges in their professional development under digital transformation. Key issues identified include political literacy, technological application proficiency, cultural awareness demonstration, and innovative practice implementation. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes a series of improvement pathways aimed at establishing a scientific, systematic, and effective framework for counselors' competency development. These efforts seek to provide theoretical support and practical references for advancing high-quality ideological and political education in modern higher education institutions.